Which patterns are closely tied to the product itself and do not have availability logic?

The correct answer identifies policy lines as patterns that are closely tied to the product itself without the inclusion of availability logic. Policy lines represent the specific types of insurance coverage that a product provides, such as auto, home, or commercial insurance. They lay the foundational framework for what the insurance offering entails, directly connecting to the product's structure and intended coverage scope.

In contrast, other options, like coverage options, rating factors, and claim types, tend to involve additional layers of logic that govern their use or implementation. Coverage options are about the specific enhancements or features available within a policy line, often influenced by availability criteria that depend on the policyholder's circumstances. Rating factors are metrics used to determine premium pricing, and they are tied to risk assessment and underwriting requirements, which can also be subject to availability logic. Claim types specify the nature of claims that can be recognized under a particular policy, which can vary based on the terms of coverage and eligibility constraints.

Thus, policy lines serve as the primary classification tied directly to the insurance product, making them distinct in the context of this question.